All You Need To Know: Building Electrification
One of the most important operations in building construction is its electrical wiring. Electrification must be done in a way that provides the necessary safety for the building. If, for any reason, the slightest mistake is made in the building’s electrical wiring, residents will have a hard time using electrical appliances as long as they live there. Placing switches and sockets in inappropriate places causes dissatisfaction of residents because they can not easily access them.
It would be best to leave the building’s wiring to a specialist to provide a safe place for the residents to live. Professional electricians follow the necessary rules and standards and bring comfort and convenience with the best quality and reasonable price.
Essential Rules In Building Electrical
Observe The Standard Capacity Of Fuses
Fuses are installed for various purposes in different parts of the building. In electrical wiring, you should note that the fuses should be selected with a suitable capacity.
Pay Attention To The Location Of Electrical Appliances
A professional electrician knows where parts of electrical appliances are located, so he wires accordingly. Places, where laundry, stoves, packages, hoods, refrigerators, and other devices are located, should have access to the outlet.
The homeowner should be able to use their electrical appliances effortlessly, so it is crucial to consider the location of these appliances. The number of sockets should be sufficient enough that no surface wiring is ever required.
Observe The Distances In Wiring
During electrification, you must observe a certain distance between the wires. For example, the distance between the sockets and the floor should be 30 to 40 cm, and the distance between the switches and the floor should be 110 to 120 cm. Chandelier hooks should be about 30 to 50 cm from the ceiling. An electrician is familiar with these distances and will observe them during his or her work.
Choose The Right Wires
In the electrical wiring of a building, the electricity meter wires must have sufficient capacity. In this case, in the event of a sudden increase in the house’s electrical load, the voltage will not drop, and devices will not be cut off. The number of internal units should also be selected so that the entire building will not go out of order if a fuse burns out. The more units in the system, the more reliable it will be.
Important Points In Drawing Switches And Sockets
Electrical mapping of a building means drawing the location of lamps, the location of switches and sockets, and the location of loads that require a particular circuit on the map. In these maps, electrical appliances are specified, and electrification is done according to them. In drawing the map, the following points should be considered:
Installing an electrical distribution box in a building destroys its interior beauty, so avoid placing it in the building as much as possible. If necessary, though, it can be installed at the height of 30 to 50 cm from the ceiling.
You should install the keys where you can easily access them. Their location should not confuse people, and they shouldn’t have to look for them in the dark.
Telephone socket wires must be inserted into separate paths.
Areas designated for the passage of electrical pipes in the building should not damage the strength of the building. These pipes should be easy to pass through, bringing the wires to the desired location in the building.
The wires used for the TV and antenna must be placed in separate, straight paths.
Electrical installations must be drawn in a single line on the floor plan of the building. To do this, you have to visit different parts of the building before drawing the map and consider the best place for the installations.
In most applications, there is a path for passing electrical wires. Still, for high-consumption appliances such as washing machines, you can draw a separate line from the electrical panel to the washing socket and install a fuse. For all types of air conditioners, a straight line with a fuse is run.
Plastic or steel pipes should be used if the wires are to pass through the building floor.
Miniature fuses should not be used for more than ten sockets.
In damp places such as bathrooms, power cables should never be placed on the floor.
Plugs that are installed in bathrooms should have caps and be away from water.
In addition to electrical appliances that are plugged in, it is better to consider additional sockets for other essential more permanent appliances.
For carving, the switches and sockets’ location should first be marked with a level line, relying on the necessary standards and a suitable distance from the floor, then carving should be done.
Three Stages of Building Electrification
In general, the electrical steps of a building can be categorized as follows:
First Stage
- Drawing of all lighting, audio, telephone, and other systems
- Align the switches and specify the alignment line
- Determine the direction of the pipes and create grooves using a grooving machine
- carve the location of the switches
- Perforate the lighting location in the ceiling
- Install the switch on the wall
- Fixing the tubes to the inlet and outlet of the tubes inside the fuse box
- Complete coverage on the Plica Pipes placed on the floor of the building.
- Install the fuse box based on the location marked on the map
Second Stage
Execution of electrical wiring of the building in the second stage after flooring and whitewashing of the walls is done. This stage includes the following:
- Cut extra pipes
- Wiring inside the Plica pipe (this is done based on the color, diameter, and material of the wires.)
- Wiring from inside the fuse box and passing it through the power tray
- Make connections inside the switches, fuse box, antenna box, and telephone.
- Tin all fittings and wire heads
- Insulation of fittings
- Execution of lighting and electricity cabling outside the building
Third Stage
The third stage of the electrification process is done after the completion of the joinery steps and includes the following:
- Install switches and sockets and align them
- Install the terminal on the wires
- Install the detector on designated locations
- Close the fuses inside the fuse box
- Install the intercom
- Install the central antenna
- Installation of lighting systems in different parts
- Installation of electrical tray base on the wall
- Installation of electrical underlay pipe
- Cabling from electrical panels on electrical trays and inside pipes to electric motors and appliances
- Numbering the wires and connecting them to electric motors and appliances and the terminal installed under the electrical panel.
